Educational institutions in the 8th century

In the 8th century, educational institutions were established for educating officers.

Daigaku was established in the capital and Kokugaku were established in regions.

Students of Daigaku were children of nobles and children of the Court officers who worked as clerks.

On the other hand, many students of Kokugaku were children of Gunji, officers of local governments.

Graduates from Daigaku needed to pass exams to become officers of the Court.

Students of Daigaku learned scriptures of Confucianism such as the Analects of Confucius and the Book of Filial Piety.

This subject was called Myogyo-do. In addition, students learned laws and it was called Myobo-do.

They also learned how to pronounce scriptures of Confucianism in Chinese, calligraphy and mathematics.